重定向到主站
共享站点的管理员,习惯于
只在Apache下使用.htaccess文件配置
所有信息,通常会将下面规则
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} nginx.org RewriteRule (.*) http://www.nginx.org$1
翻译成这样:
server { listen 80; server_name www.nginx.org nginx.org; if ($http_host = nginx.org) { rewrite (.*) http://www.nginx.org$1; } ... }
这种做法是错的,复杂而且低效。正确的方式是为
nginx.org定义一个单独的服务器:
server { listen 80; server_name nginx.org; return 301 http://www.nginx.org$request_uri; } # 301跳转 server { listen 80; server_name www.nginx.org; ... }
在0.9.1版本(含)以前,可以这样实现重定向:
rewrite ^ http://www.nginx.org$request_uri?;
再举一个例子,处理一个和刚才相反的逻辑:既不是来自
nginx.com,又不是来自
www.nginx.com:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !nginx.com RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !www.nginx.com RewriteRule (.*) http://www.nginx.com$1
应该按下面这样分开定义
nginx.com、
www.nginx.com和其他站点:
server { listen 80; server_name nginx.com www.nginx.com; ... } server { listen 80 default_server; server_name _; return 301 http://nginx.com$request_uri; }
在0.9.1版本(含)以前,可以这样实现重定向:
rewrite ^ http://nginx.com$request_uri?;
转化混合规则
典型的混合规则如下:
DocumentRoot /var/www/myapp.com/current/public RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/system/maintenance.html -f RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !maintenance.html RewriteRule ^.*$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/system/maintenance.html [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1 [QSA,L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}/index.html -f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1/index.html [QSA,L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.html -f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1/index.html [QSA,L] RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ balancer://mongrel_cluster%{REQUEST_URI} [P,QSA,L]
转换成nginx配置应该是这样:
location / { root /var/www/myapp.com/current/public; try_files /system/maintenance.html $uri $uri/index.html $uri.html @mongrel; } location @mongrel { proxy_pass http://mongrel; }